drake



I 2v w. H. DRAKE & J. 0. GREEN.

\ MEANS FOR CASTING No. 524,543. Patented Aug. 14, 1894.

(No Model.)

2 Sheets-Sheet 2. W. H. DRAKE 8; J. G. GREEN.

MEANS FOR CASTING.

Patented Aug.'14, 1894.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM H. DRAKE AND JOHN G. GREEN, OF IIA OKETTSTOWN, NEW JERSEY; SAIDGREEN ASSIGNOR TO SAID DRAKE.

MEANS FOR CASTING.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 524,543, dated August14, 1894.

Application filed July 2, 1892. Serial No. 438,846- (No model.) A

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, WILLIAM H. DRAKE and JOHN C. GREEN, citizens of theUnited States, and residents of I-Iackettstown, in the county of Warrenand State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Means for Casting, of which the following is aspecification. This invention relates to means for casting, and it hasfor its object the venting of the cores and also the strengthening andsupporting of the small parts of the core which are adapted to seat intothe core-prints formed by the pattern in the molding sand, which smallparts of the core are found to be too frail to perform the function forwhich they are designed without some protecting and strengthening means.

Our invention is described hereinafter in connection with suflicient ofa casting apparatus to illustrate the application of our improvements,and the particular features for which protection by letters patent isdesired are set out in claims at the end hereof.

In the accompanying drawings which form a part of this specification,and in which like parts are indicated by like letters of reference inall the views, Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of a flask properlyassembled with the molding sand in place, and cores placed within thespaces that have been formed by the patterns, the configuration anddimen molding sand for the metal that is to form the.

structure to be cast. Fig. 2 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view ofone of the cores on.

a scale larger than Fig. 1, showing the supporting jacket enveloping thesmall portion of the core at its bottom, and the hollow chaplet embeddedwithin the upper portion of the core and a. metal tube (partly insection) seated in the upper end of the tube-portion of the chaplet, andFig. 3 is a plan View of one of the supporting plates hereinafterreferred to.

In Fig. 1 the chaplet and its tube and the communicating tube whichextends through the molding sand of the cope, and also the adjustingwheel by which the core through means of the chaplet and cross-beamsecured to the cope is prevented from rising when the metal ispoured,and also the ears on the several parts of the flask, are shown insection on the right of the view and in full lines on the left thereof.

Heretofore provision was made for the escape of air, when pouring themetal, by perforating the core with holes, but with large castings thishas not always proved satisfactory in preventing the formation ofblow-holes in the casting. By our invention whereby the core is providedwith a longitudinal bore through it which communicates at the upper endwith the chaplet tube, which latter is in communication with a tubeextending clean through the molding sand of the cope, the said bore ofthe core also extending into and through the molding sand of the drag,we provide an efficient means of venting the core.

Referring to the drawings, the drag or lower section of the flask isindicated by A, and the cope or top section thereof by B. Theintermediate section or main body of the flask is indicated by C. Theseparts are of the usual construction and are provided with ears or lugsa, b,c, for co-operating with the steadying pins d, d.

The molding sand in the respective sections of the flask is indicated byD it being filled in and rammed in the usual manner, the pattern beingin position Within the central section of the flask. The pattern isremoved by a crane or otherwise, after taking off the cope of the flaskto permitv such removal, and the cores placed in position within thespace provided by the pattern. The core-prints of the pattern providethe required depressions in the molding sand of the drag for receivingthe small projecting portions of the core whichserve to support thecorein proper position with the necessary space between its bottom and theadjacent molding sand.

The cores are indicated by E, and they are constructed of such materialas is usually employed for making casting cores. In mold ing the core weembed therein near its top surface, preferably near its circumference, achaplet consisting of a centrally perforated disk e and a tube eextending upward and from said disk substantially to the top surface ofthe small portion f at the top of the core, which small portion f bysurrounding said tube serves to protect the same when the molten metalis poured around the core. The disk or plate e is made small enough topermit of its removal'through the hole formed in the casting by thesmall portion fwhich 7 a vent passage, as shown in the drawings, is

embedded in the core E when molding the latter and is in immediatecontact with the chaplet disk c. This plate is of sufficient length toprevent the crushing efiect referred to and is of a width which willpermit it to be removed through a hole in the casting formed by theprojecting portion f of the core E. The chaplet disk e is secured to or,preferably, formed integrally with its tube 6-.

The small portion g of the core E at its bottom which is adapted to seatinto the coreprint formed by the pattern in the molding sand of the dragA, is surrounded when molding the core by a tube or jacket of sheetmetal or other suitable material h which serves to strengthen andsupport said small portion of the core which is found too frail withoutsuch reinforcing means to perform the functions intended. The tube orjacket It extends for one-fourth of its lengthmore or less-up into thebody of the core E. To prevent the weight of the core from crushing theprotecting jacket or tube It up into the core, we provide the core, inmolding the same, with plate e which is located within the body of thecore in contact with the said supporting jacket or tube It the saidplate being perforated centrally to permit the formation of the ventbore '5. We also place a similar plate e in the molding sand within thedrag A, immediately beneath the protecting tube or jacket hand incontact therewith as shown in the drawings, the said plate 6 also being.centrally perforated in line with the bore '11 through the core. Thefunction of the plate e is to prevent the core from settling down toolow and assist in maintaining it in its position during the process ofcasting. The several plates e e 6 may be substantially of the formindicated in Fig. 3, of sufficient length to furnish the requisitesupport and narrow enough to'permit of their removal through theopenings in the casting formed by the projecting portions f g of thecore. The plate a will preferably be cutout centrally so as to providelittle if any metal immediately above that portion of the core includedwithin the walls of the tube or jacket It so that the core material maybe completely filled in Within said jacket. In the casting process it isimportant that the core should be held stationary to produce a perfectcasting. If the core should settle or rise in the process of casting,the casting would be too thick at one end and too thin at the other, ifnot entirely ruined. If the chaplet should crush down into the core, orthe protecting tube should crush into the core, pieces of the core wouldbe forced out into the space between the surface of the core and themolding sand provided for the metal, and the molten metal would enterthe fractures of the core, resulting in a poor or worthless casting. Toguard against mishaps of this description we make use of the supportingplates e e e, as, described. In some instances these plates may not berequired, particularly where the casting is not very heavy. It isdesirable, however, to always make use of them.

After the core E is thus prepared with the supporting jacket it aroundthe small portion 9 and with the hollow chaplet e, e embedded inposition and extending into the small portion f at the top of the core,we make a bore longitudinally in a line with the hollow chap.

let, the said bore extending through the protected portion g of thecore. within the protecting jacket or tube It. We thus form a vent holet' clean through the core. When the cores E constructed as abovedescribed are placed in position, connection is made between the hollowchaplet e, e and the outside atmosphere by a tube 7.; the lower end ofwhich is beveled and fits into the correspondingly formed end of thetube e of the chaplet (thus forming a ground joint),.said tube isextending up through the molding sand of the cope through the cross-barG which is bolted or otherwise secured to the cope B. The bore throughthe molding sand within the cope which is to receive the said tube is ismade sufficiently large to permit the said tube is to be readily seatedwithin the entrance of the tube a of the chaplet, the sand beingafterwards rammed tightly around said tube to firmly embed and hold thesame in position. The primary function of the chaplet 6 with itsconnected rod or tube is to hold the core in proper position when themetal is poured through the ingate and to prevent the internal pressurecausing the core to be displaced from itsposition. The requisite degreeof pressure is exerted upon the chaplet for the purpose stated by meansof the handwheel m operating upon the screw threaded portion of the tubeIt and co-operating with the cross-bar Gr as shown. In lieu of handwheelm any equivalent means may be employed, as for example a key, weight orscrew. The disk or plate e of the chaplet serves to prevent the tubeportion e from crushing down into the core by the upwardpressure exertedwhen the metali being poured between the core and the molding sand.

The cross-beam G is preferably connected in a detachable manner to theouter surface of the cope B by bolts, but it may be secured in positionin any suitable manner so as to serve the function of a guide and bracefor the projecting ends of the tube hand the operating wheels m.

The top surface of the cope B may be fitted with a frame work such as iscommonly employed to assist in holding the molding sand againstdisplacement. This framework is not shown as it forms no part of ourinvention.

We have made use of this invention in the of the chaplet, substantiallyas set forth.

2, A core for casting provided with a chaplet comprisinga disk or platearranged in the core and having an opening therethrongh and a tubeconnected with said disk or plate, the

said core provided with a bore extending longitudinallythrough it incommunication with the opening in the disk, substantially as set forth.

3. Acore for casting provided with ahollow chaplet the upper end thereofextending to the top surface of the core, in combination with anexterior vent tube, the joint between said chaplet and vent tube beingbeveled, substantially as set forth.

4. A core for casting provided with a projecting piece at its bottom forthe purpose stated, a reinforcing jacket or tube of suitable materialsurrounding said projecting piece, and a plate embedded in the coreimmediately above the top of said projecting tube, substantially as setforth.

5. A core for casting provided with a projecting piece at its bottom forthe purpose stated, which is reinforced by a jacket of suitablematerial, in combination with a plate embedded in the molding sand ofthe drag below said reinforced projecting piece, substantially as setforth.

6. A core for casting provided with a projecting portion of corematerial at its bottom, combined with a tube or jacket of sheet metal orother suitable material which surrounds the said projecting portion andextends up into the body of the core for a portion of its length,substantially as set forth.

7. A core for casting provided with a projecting portion which isadapted to fit in the core-print and which is reinforced by aprotectingjacket, as explained, and also having a plate embedded in thebody of the core in immediate contact with the upper edgeof the saidprotecting tube, in combination with a plate embedded in the moldingsand of the drag and in contact with the lower edge of aforesaidprotecting jacket.

Signed at Hackettstown, in the county of WVar-ren and State of NewJersey, this 13th day of June, A. D. 1892.

WILLIAM H. DRAKE. JOHN G. GREEN. Witnesses:

M. D. HAYWARD, D. M. (300K.

